Colon Polyps
Polyps are abnormal growths rising from the lining of the large intestine (colon) and protruding into the intestinal canal (lumen). Some polyps are flat, others are on a stalk or stem.
Polyps are very common they occur in 15 to 20 percent of the adult population. Although most polyps are benign, they can, over time, become cancerous.
What are the symptoms?
Most polyps do not cause any symptoms. This is why regular examinations are so important. Some polyps produce bleeding, a mucous discharge, or an alteration in bowel function.
How are polyps diagnosed?
Polyps are diagnosed by either looking at the colon lining very directly (colonoscopy) or by X-Ray study (barium enema). Polyps are removed during colonoscopy only. The discovery of one polyp necessitates complete colon inspection since up to 30 percent of patients with one polyp will have additional polyps.
Although checking the stool for microscopic blood is an important screening test, a negative test does not rule out the presence of polyps.
How are polyps treated?
Since polyps may turn into cancerous tissue, it is wise to remove them. Most polyps can be safely and painlessly removed through a colonoscope. A wire loop is used to ensnare the polyp and it is burned off. The polyp is then sent to a laboratory so the tissue can be examined. Occasionally very large polyps may require surgery to be removed.
Can polyps recur?
When a polyp is completely removed, recurrence is rare. However, new polyps will develop in at least 30 percent of patients who have had polyps previously. If your physician has removed a polyp, s/he will tell you when you should be examined again. It is important to follow these instructions carefully.
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